Ethical Decision-Making In Business i have attached the practice exam and the topics are about Moral Judgment and Ethical Decision Making. its 20 multiple

Ethical Decision-Making In Business i have attached the practice exam and the topics are about Moral Judgment and Ethical Decision Making. its 20 multiple points questions. 11
Guidelines in a given case
The text says the culpability score assigned by the Federal Organizational Sentencing
Mas no influence on the sentence an organization will receive for its conduct.
is designed to reflect the level of moral blameworthiness of an organization’s
highest ranking executives, but not its more junior officials.
is designed to reflect the level of harm an organization’s senior officials have
caused by their conduct and affects the jail sentences those officials receive.
d. Is designed to reflect the level of moral blameworthiness of an organization for
its conduct and influences the level of punishment the organization will receive.
12
2
The text says a supervisor who tries to get subordinates to follow the ethical standards
expected in the workplace:
Should be viewed as part of the natural management process of providing clear
and intentional guidance on what is considered appropriate behavior in the
particular workplace.
b. Should be viewed as a meddler who interferes with the values of the supervisor’s
subordinates.
Should have part of his pay determined by how many ethical violations his
subordinates commit.
d. Should be held to a higher ethical standard of conduct than supervisors who
allow subordinates to behave according to their subordinates’ own moral values.
13. On January 20, 2013, the NY Times ran a story about a new kind of beer hall where the
proceeds go to charity instead of the owner. In one such pub in Houston, patrons get
one vote per drink as to which charity should get the following month’s profits. One
group in Portland is considering opening a worker-run, collectively managed pub run
and for “people who resist oppression on all levels” and fight for “unrepresented and
unwaged workers.” The ethical philosophy in business decision-making driving the
opening of the Portland pub is most in line with:
a. A shareholder orientation to ethical decision-making.
b. Rawls’ Theory of Justice.
c.
Nozick’s Rights Theory.
d. Utilitarianism.
11
Guidelines in a given case
The text says the culpability score assigned by the Federal Organizational Sentencing
Mas no influence on the sentence an organization will receive for its conduct.
is designed to reflect the level of moral blameworthiness of an organization’s
highest ranking executives, but not its more junior officials.
is designed to reflect the level of harm an organization’s senior officials have
caused by their conduct and affects the jail sentences those officials receive.
d. Is designed to reflect the level of moral blameworthiness of an organization for
its conduct and influences the level of punishment the organization will receive.
12
2
The text says a supervisor who tries to get subordinates to follow the ethical standards
expected in the workplace:
Should be viewed as part of the natural management process of providing clear
and intentional guidance on what is considered appropriate behavior in the
particular workplace.
b. Should be viewed as a meddler who interferes with the values of the supervisor’s
subordinates.
Should have part of his pay determined by how many ethical violations his
subordinates commit.
d. Should be held to a higher ethical standard of conduct than supervisors who
allow subordinates to behave according to their subordinates’ own moral values.
13. On January 20, 2013, the NY Times ran a story about a new kind of beer hall where the
proceeds go to charity instead of the owner. In one such pub in Houston, patrons get
one vote per drink as to which charity should get the following month’s profits. One
group in Portland is considering opening a worker-run, collectively managed pub run
and for “people who resist oppression on all levels” and fight for “unrepresented and
unwaged workers.” The ethical philosophy in business decision-making driving the
opening of the Portland pub is most in line with:
a. A shareholder orientation to ethical decision-making.
b. Rawls’ Theory of Justice.
c.
Nozick’s Rights Theory.
d. Utilitarianism.
NG
ONLY
a.
.
Ina May 2013 interview in Inc. Magazine, Tim Westergren, the founder of Pandora
Radio, was asked what
kind of political party he would start if he could. Mr.
Westergren
answered: “A party based
on the veil of ignorance theory. According to Dr. Lori Ryan,
how did John Rawls use the
veil of ignorance, which Rawls conceived, tev his Theory of
Justice?
As a tool by which a decision-maker resolves ethical dilemmas without knowing
how the decision-maker will be affected by his or her decision
b.
As a way to enable the decision-maker to screen out the consequences of his or
her decision to the most advantaged person or entity affected by the decision.
c.
As a thought experiment that explains why someone unaware of the
characteristics he would choose an ethical decision-making rule favoring the
least advantaged.
d.
As a simple tool to enable even the least knowledgeable, or most ignorant,
decision-maker to make ethically sound decisions.
11
DERE
7. The pharmaceutical industry is fast-paced and fiercely competitive. It is one of the high-
tech industries that spends more than 50 percent of their recorded profits on research
and development. However, some companies are able to surpass the rigorous
Premarket Approval process. Instead, they go through the Premarket Notification
Process in which a medical device can be cleared through 510(k) – often referred to as
“Copycat Killers. With the latter route, the FDA does not require the company to
undergo clinical testing to demonstrate safety or effectiveness prior to clearing the
device for sale, as long as it is “substantially equivalent” to the product that did go
through the more rigorous Premarket Approval process. C.R. Bart took advantage of the
510(k) process in selling the transvaginal mesh-a device to help women with
incontinence issues. C.R. Bart marketed and sold the device before the FDA approved it
and continued to do so, even though U.S. regulators told the company to stop, because
it was very profitable. Many woman have suffered and sustained irreversible injuries
from the device. C.R. Bart has lost and is still facing a multitude of law suits, including
class action law suits. This is an example, or examples, of
ethical decision-making in business.
a. Long-term consequences.
b. Short-term consequences.
c.
Symbolic consequences.
d.
a and b.
14
Most adults will carry out an authority figure’s orders, in business and other settings,
even if these orders are contrary to their personal beliefs about what’s right. That is the
central message of:
The illusion of morality
Deindividuation
The Milgram experiment.
d The Pygmalion effect.
23
The textbook points out individual differences that influences ethical judgment and
action. People have differing ethical decision-making styles. Jennifer Dunn, senior
manager at Benson Steel, feels strongly that the way in which one makes ethical
decisions in business is circumstances-dependent, rather than subject to universal
ethical principles. According to the textbook, Dunn’s stance is an example of one who:
Is high on idealism
Is high on relativism.
is the most morally balanced as it falls between relativism and idealism.
is low on relativism.
2.
b.
d.
In January 2011. Gil Meche, then a pitcher with the Kansas City Royals, retired, turning
down $12 million he would have received in the final year of a five-year contract with
the team. He retired because his right shoulder did not allow him to perform at a level
that he felt justified that salary. He could have taken a lighter workload and still
collected the money. The New York Times quoted Meche as saying: “Once I started to
realize I wasn’t earning my money, I felt bad. I didn’t feel like I deserved it. I didn’t
want to have those feelings again.” Meche’s decision to decline his salary so that he
could feel better about himself is a good illustration of someone:
a. With a high Desire for Moral Approbation of Self.
5. Misguided by the illusion of superiority
. With a high Desire for Moral Approbation of others.
Following the formal code of conduct of the organization to which he belongs.
29
According to the tent, a multinational company based in the United States that is
operating in a developing country with environmental laws that would allow the
company to pollute the country’s air and water
Should consider adhering to ethical standards that are higher than the legal
standards in the developing country. The developing country’s laws do not
necessarily define the company’s ethical duties,
Has an ethical obligation to seek to have the developing country enact stronger
environmental laws for the good of its employees and the community in which
the company does business,
is operating ethically if the company follows the laws of the developing country.
The company has no ethical duty to put itself at a competitive disadvantage by
doing more than the law requires.
Must ethically adhere to the tougher environmental laws of the U.S. in its
operations in the developing country.
di

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