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Book: http://www.bud.ooo/download/9781506357355.pdf

Find answer from: Chapter 8 –Seeing Our Futures

QUESTION 1

1.Your text discusses a case explained by Ellen Goodman, who uses the phrase “time bulimic.” What is this a reference to?

a.

People who waste time by procrastinating.

b.

People who are not productive.

c.

People who take up a lot of others’ time.

d.

People who have difficulties in maintaining time commitments.

0.5 points

QUESTION 2

1.What is at the core of the concept of self-efficacy?

a.

The view that good things will happen to you.

b.

An understanding that a bad outcome is subjective.

c.

Analyzing one’s capability to reach their desired goal.

d.

A belief that you can accomplish what you want.

0.5 points

QUESTION 3

1.Which of the following statements best describes the social cognitive perspective?

a.

Humans affect their environment as much as their environment affects them.

b.

Humans are largely shaped by environmental forces.

c.

Humans actively shaped their lives rather than passively reacting to environmental forces.

d.

Human cognition is greater determined of our outcomes than our behaviors are.

0.5 points

QUESTION 4

1.Which of the following people is most likely to fall victim to stereotype threat?

a.

A woman who is applying to get a math scholarship.

b.

A man who must write a paper for his sociology class.

c.

A woman who will give a speech at her high school graduation.

d.

A man who is taking an IQ test.

0.5 points

QUESTION 5

1.What can be concluded from studies on the cultural differences in rating performance on math?

a.

The complexity of culture makes it difficult to understand academic performance.

b.

Culture is a factor in both the type of persuasion someone receives and modeling available.

c.

People from Western cultures have low self-efficacy due to a lack of similar models.

d.

Individuals from Eastern cultures continue to have higher self-efficacy even when performing poorly.

0.5 points

QUESTION 6

1.Which two factors does the career counseling self-efficacy scale measure?

a.

general self-efficacy and academic self-efficacy

b.

social self-efficacy and psychological self-efficacy

c.

learned self-efficacy and inherent self-efficacy

d.

a counselor’s confidence in helping clients who have difficulties with career decisions

0.5 points

QUESTION 7

1.What is the underlying factor that Betz and colleagues had in mind when developing self-efficacy scales?

a.

career decisions

b.

parental involvement

c.

academic investment

d.

perceived confidence

0.5 points

QUESTION 8

1.Which of the following people exemplifies characteristics that high levels of situation-specific self-efficacy can predict?

a.

Someone who has increased their happiness.

b.

Someone who has low levels of anxiety.

c.

Someone who has a lower pain tolerance.

d.

Someone who is unlikely to become divorced.

0.5 points

QUESTION 9

1.What is negatively correlated with elevated self-efficacy?

a.

unhealthy behaviors

b.

effective study skills

c.

amount of exercise

d.

health-related behaviors

0.5 points

QUESTION 10

1.Which term is defined as the extent to which we believe we can work together effectively to accomplish our shared goals?

a.

collective self-efficacy

b.

general self-efficacy

c.

individual self-efficacy

d.

specific self-efficacy

0.5 points

QUESTION 11

1.What is the basis of the theory of learned optimism?

a.

Optimism is the belief that good rather than bad things will happen.

b.

People make attributions or explanations about the things that happen to them.

c.

When a route is blocked, people find alternate pathways to their goals.

d.

People succeed when they believe in their capabilities to produce desired effects.

0.5 points

QUESTION 12

1.Which type of attributions do optimists tend to make for negative outcomes?

a.

internal, stable, and specific

b.

external, variable, and specific

c.

internal, variable, and global

d.

external, stable, and global

0.5 points

QUESTION 13

1.Children who experience trauma and parental divorce are likely to have what type of explanatory style?

a.

pessimism

b.

hope

c.

despair

d.

optimism

0.5 points

QUESTION 14

1.Which of the following traits has been shown to be a good predictor of satisfaction in interpersonal relationships?

a.

wisdom

b.

hope

c.

learned optimism

d.

self-efficacy

0.5 points

QUESTION 15

1.Why was The Life Orientation Test (LOT) revised?

a.

It overlapped with neuroticism.

b.

Adequate construct validity was not established.

c.

People who scored highly on the LOT also scored highly on the hope scale.

d.

It measured the same construct as the ASQ.

0.5 points

QUESTION 16

1.Based on research about problem-solving and optimism in different cultures, who is most likely to demonstrate greater problem-solving skills while being pessimistic?

a.

a native American individual

b.

an African-American individual

c.

a Chinese-American individual

d.

a Caucasian-American individual

0.5 points

QUESTION 17

1.People who use energetic personal self-talk statements such as “I will keep going” are using which trait?

a.

self-esteem

b.

optimism

c.

subjective well-being

d.

agency

0.5 points

QUESTION 18

1.In childhood, what is considered crucial in imparting hope?

a.

academic achievement

b.

strong attachment

c.

financial stability

d.

having good friends

0.5 points

QUESTION 19

1.Lopez explains how hope is created from memories, which involves the ______.

a.

amygdala

b.

hypothalamus

c.

hippocampus

d.

prefrontal cortex

0.5 points

QUESTION 20

1.Native Americans, Latinos, African-Americans, and Asian Americans tend to perceive time in a way where many things are conceptualized as happening at once with people, which is called ______.

a.

polychromic

b.

polysequential

c.

polychromatic

d.

polytemporal

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