HIS100 Southern New Hampshire University South African Apartheid Paper Prompt In this project, you will write the introductory paragraph of a history pape
HIS100 Southern New Hampshire University South African Apartheid Paper Prompt
In this project, you will write the introductory paragraph of a history paper based on one of the questions you identified in your topic exploration worksheet. To do this, however, you must first find out a bit more information about your topic and draft a research plan. This will allow you to transform your question about your topic into a thesis statement, as well as give you the background information you will need to craft an interesting introductory paragraph.
You will not write the entire paper, just the introduction to the paper that concludes with a thesis statement. The following critical elements will be assessed in a Word document that combines both your research plan (Critical Elements I and II) and your introduction (Critical Element III).
Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:
I. Write your introduction.
A. Write your introduction. Be sure to incorporate your background information and to conclude with your research question.
B. Based on your primary and secondary source research, turn your research question into a thesis statement that addresses your topic and how it has been influenced by its historical context.
II. Use primary and secondary sources that address the historical context of your topics to respond to the following critical elements. Be sure to cite your information using the most recent version of APA guidelines. Based on the sources you have selected, address the following questions:
A. Summarize the topic using primary and secondary sources. In other words, what was going on in the world/area/society around the event?
B. Discuss how the historical context impacted the topic. For instance, what was happening in the world/area/society around the event that impacted how it occurred?
Project 2 Rubric
Guidelines for Submission: Your historical context and introduction should be 2 to 3 pages in length. Use double spacing, one-inch margins, and 12-point Times
New Roman font. Use the most current version of APA style. You will use the Historical Context and Introduction Template to complete this assignment.
Resource: HIS-100 Library Guide HIS 100 Theme 3: Learning Block 5-3 Historical Context Chart
Prompt: To understand your event, you need to understand the world in which that the event took place. First, list your research topic and the revised
research question you plan to address moving forward. Then, choose two secondary sources related to your research topic and provide the citation for
each in the chart. You may use secondary sources from previous assignments. Next, explain in the chart what the source tells you about the historical
context behind your topic. In the last chart column, explain how the context provided by the source will help you write your thesis statement,
answering your research question.
Historical Context Chart
Research Topic: South African Apartheid
Selected Revised Research Question: How did legislation and racial discrimination introduced by the National Party form the foundation of the
Apartheid in South Africa?
Secondary Source
Citation
Clark, N. L., &
Worger, W. H.
(2013). South
Africa: The rise
and fall of
apartheid.
Routledge.
Historical Context of Event
Support Your Thesis Statement
The source provides a detailed analysis of the apartheid
regime in South Africa. It provides a historical background
of the era with an emphasis on the source of the white
supremacy in the country. Additional analysis includes the
basis of the regime, contradictions and the collapse of the
unsettling era. The book further provides the required
documents including Manifesto of the ANC Youth League,
1944, Frances Baard describes how women organized to
protest the pass laws, 1956 and the F.W. de Klerk announces
the unbanning of the ANC and the freeing of Mandela, 1990
required for a deeper understanding of the topic. Most
importantly, the source highlights how the Apartheid was
carried out and how it ended with the final election of the
The thesis of this study focuses on how the Apartheid made
legislation created by the National Party forced different
racial groups to live separately and develop separately
something that disadvantaged the majority of the population
in South Africa. In this case, the context provided by this
source will help in explaining how the apartheid made
legislation disadvantaged the Africans by highlighting the
various ways through which it created a framework of
discrimination.
first black president in South Africa.
Abel, R.
(2015). Politics by
other means: Law in
the struggle against
apartheid, 19801994. Routledge.
This source forms the foundation of understanding of the
historical context of Apartheid. It book discusses the
struggles of the South African society against the apartheid;
these include the challenges to the practices and policies that
were keen to legalize racism and white supremacy in the
country. The main focus of the book is on the role of the law
and different laws in the struggle. Additionally, there is a
great focus on the role played by the ordinary south Africans
to guarantee their freedom from the dark era. The author
triumphs in establishing a non-racial and just democracy in
the country. The book argues that freedom was only received
due to the struggles of the peoples representatives,
consistent demand for justice and the formation of a
constitutional vision.
This source will help in supporting the thesis of my study by
creating an understanding of how the Apartheid made
legislation created by the National Party forced different
racial groups to live separately and develop separately
something that disadvantaged the majority of the population
in South Africa. It will also foster the understanding of how
different but equal aspirations championed the struggle for
freedom.
Running Head: RESEARCH PLAN PREPARATION
Research Plan Preparation
Patricia Griffin
Southern New Hampshire University
RESEARCH PLAN PREPARATION
2
Research Question 1
The research question was revised from What were the foundations of apartheid? to
How did legislation and racial discrimination introduced by the National Party form the
foundation of the apartheid in South Africa? The revision of the above research question was
reached through the analysis of the different secondary sources to define the major determinants
that led to the apartheid era. The apartheid was characterized by multiple legislations that
promoted segregation and racial discrimination that enhanced white supremacy with both being
enhanced by the election of the National Party into power in 1948.
Research Question 2
The second research question was What were the mechanisms that the People of South
Africa used to fight apartheid? and it was revised to What violent and non-violent techniques
did the anti-apartheid political parties such as ANC led by Nelson Mandela employ to fight
against apartheid? The approach to narrowing down the research question involved determining
the individual approaches to fight apartheid. The mechanisms used by the South Africans to fight
against the apartheid regime included both violent and peaceful means that were mostly initiated
by the anti-apartheid parties. The research paper will focus on both methods derived from the
research articles to determine their effectiveness and how they brought the society together
against the era of white supremacy.
RESEARCH PLAN PREPARATION
3
Primary Sources
The name of the first primary source is Apartheid: South Africa by Robert H. Neuman, it was
extracted from https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1957/2/26/apartheid-south-africa-psince-hecame/.
The article was written in 1957 at a point where the apartheid was at its highest with
white supremacy reaching a point where there was the division of all utilities to either white or
black. The article focuses on Prime Minister Strijdom who was in power at the time since 1954
and helped push the apartheid policies to every side of the country with the pretense that he was
preserving the purity of the western culture. This created one of the largest foundations of the
apartheid regime where racial discrimination was focused and severe punishments awarded to
the people who broke the laws implemented by the regime.
The population at that time was thirteen million with only two million being white who
were concerned with interracial mix with other communities in the country hence losing their
privileges as the white community. The author further focuses on one of the core acts that led to
further segregation between the different races, the Population Registration Act. At that period,
the author states that the prime minister wanted to focus on introducing divisive schools with the
inferior going to the blacks to widen the segregation and establish more dominance. The prime
minister always used the separate but equal statement which was not the case for most residents
of the country.
RESEARCH PLAN PREPARATION
4
The second primary source is Apartheid: Making a Sham of Freedom written by Gay
Seidman and extracted from https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1976/10/26/apartheid-makinga-sham-of-freedom/.
The article focuses on the freedom in Transkei which was publicized by the white
government to mask what was happening in the country. Most of the black political parties such
as the ANC rejected the independence stating it as a sham hence people did not attend the
ceremonies involving shaking hands between Vorster and other white supremacists. The
legitimacy of the independence was further questioned by African countries, the United States
and the organization of African unity who declined to attend until entire south Africa was
independent and free from the apartheid regime.
The country was divided into nine homelands and the Transkei independence despite
most stating it as a sham was a win for the blacks, it was the first to be independent of the grips
of the white supremacy. This win presented hope for the anti-apartheid political parties and the
society in general who had been oppressed for a long time. At this point, South Africa had a total
population of twenty-five residents with only four million people being of the white race despite
them controlling everything economical political and social. However, the victory was
considered a sham because Transkei did not contain any mineral deposits, industries and there
was limited fertile land and no coastline.
Laws were also introduced for the people from the location who needed to go to the
mainland for work. Their south Africa passes were terminated and Transkei passports
introduced, with forty-four percentage of the residents being employed by the South African
government it presented a huge challenge. This left the lives of the Transkei people under the
mercy of the Pretoria government who were responsible for subsidizing their budget. There was
RESEARCH PLAN PREPARATION
5
no way to break out of the oppression pattern with pass laws introduced and dependence on their
acclaimed liberators. The strategy led to sabotage of the new state through diplomatic boycotts
by the black liberation groups with the era being marked by the Soweto riots.
RESEARCH PLAN PREPARATION
6
References
Apartheid: Making a Sham of Freedom: News: The Harvard Crimson. (1976). Retrieved from
https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1976/10/26/apartheid-making-a-sham-of-freedom/.
Apartheid: South Africa: News: The Harvard Crimson. (0AD). Retrieved from
https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1957/2/26/apartheid-south-africa-psince-he-came/.
HIS 100 THEME 1
PROJECT 1:
TOPIC EXPLORATION WORKSHEET
Part 1
Select a research topic area for Project 1 based on which of the following areas
interests you the most. You will explore the selected topic a little later in this
theme. Mark your selection in the right-hand column.
Drafting of the U.S. Constitution
Mao Zedongs Rule Over China
South African Apartheid
Choose Your Own Topic (insert pre-approved topic here)
In the space below, write a short paragraph about what you already knew about
the topic you selected prior to this course, based on your personal history or
experiences. This may include assumptions, beliefs, or values related to the topic.
Be as detailed as possible.
Apartheid was a dark era in South Africa between 1948 to 1994 and was characterized by
white supremacy, the government under the National Party called for the separation of the
development initiatives of the diverse racial groups in the country. The government pretended
to call for freedom of cultural expression and equal development on paper but the
implementation of the strategy made that impossible and drifted the races far apart. The laws
during the apartheid period forced the different racial groups to grow apart through diverse
development and living, additionally, they moved to hinder any social interaction and intermarriages with suspicion upon interaction with a different race. The system greatly
disadvantaged the majority group which was the black population based on skin color. Those
who disagreed with the rules were punished adversely, apartheid was worse because it
happened during an era when most nations were moving forward beyond racial boundaries
after the world war II.
HIS 100 THEME 1
PROJECT 1:
TOPIC EXPLORATION WORKSHEET
Part 2
Now that you have identified your topic and described what you already know
about the topic, what questions do you still have about the topic that you would
like to know? Place your answers in the right-hand column.
Identify one
question about the
topic that you are
curious about.
Describe why this
question matters to
you personally.
Describe why this
question matters to
society.
What were the foundations of apartheid?
The foundation of apartheid is critical to determine the reasons that
led to such a dark period in South Africa. The whites wanted to
segregate themselves from the black community despite South
Africa having a black majority. Additionally, it matters because it
happened at a period when the entire world was moving on from
the racial segregations. Numerous communities and countries had
discovered the adverse effects that were caused segregating the
different members of the society including violence and oppression
of some communities.
The foundation of the apartheid question is essential for the
community to determine the different forces that allowed the
apartheid regime to get hold of South Africa. The black community
was and is still the majority in South Africa hence they could have
discovered the red flags after the National Party came to power.
Additionally, society needs to understand the different laws that
contribute to segregation in the community and the adverse effects
that they cause. Some of these laws from the apartheid era include
the Population Registration Act, Pass Laws, Land Acts and the Bantu
Self-Government Act of 1959.
Identify a second
question about the
What were the mechanisms that the People of south Africa used to
topic you are curious fight apartheid?
about.
HIS 100 THEME 1
PROJECT 1:
TOPIC EXPLORATION WORKSHEET
Describe why this
question matters to
you personally.
The people of South Africa were free from apartheid in 1994 and
they used numerous tools to ensure that their freedom was
guaranteed. This is essential to determine what brings a community
together to fight such a regime that destroyed masses and took the
freedom of the residents making themselves the controllers and
supreme beings over the other races. The tools of freedom are
essential to comprehend the extent of the fight during the
apartheid period, some of the tools worked while others were
merely squashed by the government making the times even harder.
But despite all that, it all came to an end with the native residents
electing Nelson Mandela as their president.
Describe why this
question matters to
society.
The society needs to understand the answers of the question in
depth. The different strategies employed to free South Africa from
the hands of white supremacy involved the collaboration of the
society. This question matters because it shows that during such
instances of communal injustice, only the collaboration of different
members of the society can lead to an effective outcome. The
actions can be divided into three: protests and persuasions that
involved mass demonstrations, music, clothing, and lighting of
candles. An additional method involved non-cooperation involving
boycotts and establishment of alternative institutions. Lastly, the
society used civil disobedience and nonviolent strategies including
peaceful protests and marching without permits
Part 3
You are now ready to complete the final part of your Topic Exploration
Worksheet. You have chosen a topic, posed some research questions, and are
ready to start thinking about what kind of sources you will need to investigate
your research questions further. Using the library guide in the Shapiro Library
provided for your chosen topic, skim through the suggested resources (or find
your own) and complete the following information for your research questions.
HIS 100 THEME 1
List which secondary
sources would be helpful
for investigating your first
research question.
(Include the title and author of
the sources)
List which primary sources
would be helpful for
investigating your first
research question.
PROJECT 1:
TOPIC EXPLORATION WORKSHEET
1. Bunting, B. (1969). The rise of the South African
reich (Vol. 2). Penguin books.
2. Clark, N. L., & Worger, W. H. (2013). South Africa: The
rise and fall of apartheid. Routledge.
3. Maylam, P. (1990). The rise and decline of urban
apartheid in South Africa. African Affairs, 89(354), 57-84.
1. Neuman, R. (1957). Apartheid: South Africa | News | The
Harvard Crimson. Retrieved 19 September 2019, from
https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1957/2/26/apartheidsouth-africa-psince-he-came/
(Include the title and author of
the sources)
List which secondary
sources would be helpful
for investigating your
second research question.
(Include the title and author of
the sources)
List which primary sources
would be helpful for
investigating your second
research question.
(Include the title and author of
the sources)
(Continued on next page)
1. Abel, R. (2015). Politics by other means: Law in the
struggle against apartheid, 1980-1994. Routledge.
2. Ellis, S., & Sechaba, T. (1992). Comrades against
apartheid: the ANC & the South African Communist Party
in exile. Indiana University Press.
3. Vigne, R. (1997). Liberals against apartheid: a history of
the Liberal party of South Africa, 1953-68. Springer.
1. Seidman, G. (1976). Apartheid: Making a Sham of
Freedom | News | The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved 19
September 2019, from
https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1976/10/26/apartheid
-making-a-sham-of-freedom/
HIS 100 THEME 1
Now that you have gone
through the research,
describe what you have
learned about your topic in
one to two paragraphs.
PROJECT 1:
TOPIC EXPLORATION WORKSHEET
Apartheid is derived from apartness and is a term that
signifies an era of policies and laws that controlled the
interactions between the nonwhite majority and the white
majority in South Africa. This led to social segregation over
time with discrimination in every aspect of livelihoods
including social, economic and political aspects where the
whites assumed the supremacy role. The implementation
of the Population Registration Act of 1950 made it possible
for the separate development characterizing all South
Africans under racial segregates including the Asians
(mostly Indians), white, mixed-race and the Bantu who
was the black majority in the country.
After the National Party was elected into office in 1948,
the issue expanded hence giving it the name apartheid. In
1950, the government introduced the Group Areas Act to
racially segregate the business and residential locations.
Other land acts emerged in 1954 and 1955 set aside the
vast majority (eighty percent) of South Africa to belong to
the minority whites the blacks were pushed into ghettos
known as Soweto. For the apartheid to be successful, the
government introduced the pass laws that prevented the
blacks from encroaching white areas. The pass was to be
carried whenever the blacks present in the restricted
locations as an authorization identity. More laws were in
place to prevent social contacts such as different public
amenities, education standards and type of jobs.
Running head: Project 2
1
Project 2: Historical Context and Introduction
Your Name
Southern New Hampshire University
Project 2
2
Research Plan
Research Question: [Revised research question from Topic Exploration Worksheet.]
Introduction
[Three- to five-sentence discussion of background information about your historical event to
capture the interest of your audience.] [Two- to three-sentence thesis statement based on your
research question that addresses your historical event and explains how your event has been
influenced by historical context.] [Two- to three-sentence explanation of how you will use the
primary and secondary sources you listed in the Research Plan in your hypothetical research
paper.]
Historical Context: [Three- to five-sentence explanation of your events historical context, citing
sources one and two.]
Impact of Historical Context: [Three- to five-sentence discussion of how historical context
impacted your event, citing sources one and two.]
Resources
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